Editorial for Mock CCC '24 Contest 1 S4 - Tommy's Lemonade Stand


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Author: Tommy_Shan

Let F_i(x) = -L_ix^2 + S_ix - M_i be the flavor rating of the i^{th} recipe with x mL of water added, C_i(x) = x be the cost for the i^{th} recipe to add x mL of water, and T be the set of indices of the selected recipe.

Essentially, our objective is to find the maximum value of \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{K}F_{T_i}(x)}{\sum_{i=1}^{K}C_{T_i}(x)}. We can solve this problem by binary search the answer mid.

\displaystyle \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{K}F_{T_i}(x)}{\sum_{i=1}^{K}C_{T_i}(x)} \geq mid \displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{K}F_{T_i}(x) \geq mid \times \sum_{i=1}^{K}C_{T_i}(x) \displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{K}F_{T_i}(x) - mid \times \sum_{i=1}^{K}C_{T_i}(x) \geq 0 \displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{K}F_{T_i}(x) - \sum_{i=1}^{K}(mid \times C_{T_i}(x)) \geq 0 \displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{K}(F_{T_i}(x) - mid \times C_{T_i}(x)) \geq 0 \displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{K}(-L_{T_i}x^2 + S_{T_i}x - M_{T_i} - mid \times x) \geq 0 \displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{K}(-L_{T_i}x^2 + (S_{T_i} - mid)x - M_{T_i}) \geq 0

Then we can find the maximum value of the expression on the left side of the inequality. If the maximum value is greater than or equal to 0, we can say that mid is possible. Our goal now turns to finding the maximum possible value mid, which can be simply done with binary search.

Observing that to maximize the expression \sum_{i=1}^{K}(-L_{T_i}x^2 + (S_{T_i} - mid)x - M_{T_i}), our strategy is to prioritize the first K recipes with higher values of -L_{T_i}x^2 + (S_{T_i} - mid)x - M_{T_i}. Additionally, notice that -L_{T_i}x^2 + (S_{T_i} - mid)x - M_{T_i} is a quadratic function in terms of x, we can find the maximum value of it by find the vertex. Be careful that we should take the y-intercept instead of the vertex if the vertex have a negative x value.

Time Complexity: \mathcal{O}(N\log{N}\log{\frac{1}{\epsilon}})


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